Principalement utilisé pour prolonger la durée de conservation des légumes et des fruits, souvent utilisé sur les agrumes, fongicide toxique et irritant, voire mutagène. Il ne faut pas consommer la peau des agrumes traités avec le diphényle et de bien se laver les mains avant de consommer la chair des agrumes (après les avoir épluchés). Utilisé comme conservateur alimentaire, pour éviter la formation de moisissures. En théorie, l’étiquetage est obligatoire en pratique les emballages sont souvent mélangés et les étiquettes absentes. Ce conservateur de synthèse est dérivé de goudrons de houille, il est aussi utilisé en tant que pesticide.

Le plus souvent, il est utilisé à la surface externe des fruits et légumes la plupart du temps avant leur transports à long terme. Il est souvent visible par la présence d’une pellicule cristalline très fine sur les pamplemousses. Par conséquent, avant de manger des fruits frais à provenant de l’étranger, laver les soigneusement et éplucher les. Ainsi, vous pourriez vous débarrasser de cet additif, puisqu’il ne se dissout pas dans de l’eau pure, une solution alcaline faible peut être préparée pour le lavage (1-2 cuillère a café de bicarbonate de soude par exemple).

Autres noms

Francais	Anglais
Biphényle	Biphenyl
phénylbenzène	Phenylbenzene
1‚1-biphényle	Limonene
DIPHENYLE	Bibenzene
1,1′-DIPHENYL	1,1′- biphenyl
PHENYLBENZENE	Diphenyl
CI 21108	BUTYLPHENYL
	DISODIUM DISTYRYLBIPHENYL DISULFONATE
	PHENYLPHENOL
	CI 21108
	1,1′- diphenyl
	Lemonene
	Phenyl benzene
	Phenylbenzene
	Xenene

Fonction et caractéristiques

Conservateur antifongique

CARACTÉRISTIQUES

Il se présente sous la forme d’un solide cristallin incolore.

Utilisations

Utilisé comme traitement de surface des agrumes (citrons, oranges, pamplemousses). Également comme biocide dans le secteur pharmaceutique et diverses autres industries.

Utilisations détaillés

#	Category	Category Description	Categorization Type
1	Consumer_use	Term applied when the only information the source indicates is ‘consumer’ or ‘consumer product’ ; also applied to terms that the source indicates are for consumer use, yet the descriptor term is ambivalent about usage (e.g., cleaning_washing products may be for industrial or consumer use, when the source indicates consumer use, the consumer_use term is also applied) – see appendix for full list of unambiguous consumer related terms plus ambiguous consumer related terms which if indicated are labeled with ‘consumer_use’	CPCat Cassette
2	Decor, candle, detected	Chemicals detected in substances or products (note that these chemicals may be absent from an ‘ingredient list’ for the product and thus unexpected, but have been detected in product testing studies)	CPCat Cassette
3	Feed, animal	Related to animals (but non-veterinary) e.g., animal husbandry, farming of animals/animal production, raising of animals for food or fur, animal feed, products for household pets	CPCat Cassette
4	Fluid_property_modulator	Includes antifoaming agents, coagulating agents, dispersion agents, emulsifiers, flotation agents, foaming agents, viscosity adjustors, etc	CPCat Cassette
5	Food_additive	Includes spices, extracts, colorings, flavors, etc added to food for human consumption	CPCat Cassette
6	Food_additive, flavor	General flavoring agents used in foods, including condiments and seasonings	CPCat Cassette
7	Food_contact	Includes food packaging, paper plates, cutlery, small appliances such as roasters, etc.; does not include facilities that manufacture food	CPCat Cassette
8	Food_residue	Residues found in food, typically from drugs or pesticides	CPCat Cassette
9	Fragrance	Fragrances or odor agents, can be used in home products (cleaners, laundry products, air fresheners) or similar industrial products; usage indicated when known; more specific modifiers included when known	CPCat Cassette
10	Fragrance, consumer_use	Term applied when the only information the source indicates is ‘consumer’ or ‘consumer product’ ; also applied to terms that the source indicates are for consumer use, yet the descriptor term is ambivalent about usage (e.g., cleaning_washing products may be for industrial or consumer use, when the source indicates consumer use, the consumer_use term is also applied) – see appendix for full list of unambiguous consumer related terms plus ambiguous consumer related terms which if indicated are labeled with ‘consumer_use’	CPCat Cassette
#	Category	Category Description	Categorization Type
11	Fuel	General fuels, fuel additives, motor/automotive fuels	CPCat Cassette
12	Heat_transferring	Heat transferring agents, unknown usage or application	CPCat Cassette
13	Industrial_manufacturing		CPCat Cassette
14	Lubricant	Generic lubricants, lubricants for engines, brake fluids, oils, etc (does not include personal care lubricants)	CPCat Cassette
15	Manufacturing, building_material	Materials used in the building process, such as flooring, insulation, caulk, tile, wood, glass, etc.	CPCat Cassette
16	Manufacturing, building_material, wood	Wood used as a building material, wood preservatives	CPCat Cassette
17	Manufacturing, chemical	General term used only when the only information known from the source is ‘chemical,’ typically related to manufacturing of chemicals, or laboratory chemicals	CPCat Cassette
18	Manufacturing, metals	Related to metals – manufacturing of metals, casting of metals, production of metals, surface treatment of metals, etc	CPCat Cassette
19	Manufacturing, oil	Crude oil, crude petroleum, refined oil products, fuel oils, drilling oils	CPCat Cassette
20	Manufacturing, plastics	Plastic products, industry for plastics, manufacturing of plastics, plastic additives (modifiers included when known)	CPCat Cassette
#	Category	Category Description	Categorization Type
21	Manufacturing, rubber	Rubber products (e.g. tires) and their manufacture	CPCat Cassette
22	Paint	Various types of paint for various uses, modifiers included when more information is known	CPCat Cassette
23	Paper	Related to the manufcturing of pulp or paper products, or paper products in general	CPCat Cassette
24	Personal_care	Personal care products, including cosmetics, shampoos, perfumes, soaps, lotions, toothpastes, etc	CPCat Cassette
25	Personal_care, cosmetics, nails, detected	Chemicals detected in substances or products (note that these chemicals may be absent from an ‘ingredient list’ for the product and thus unexpected, but have been detected in product testing studies)	CPCat Cassette
26	Pesticide	Substances used for preventing, destroying or mitigating pests	CPCat Cassette
27	Pesticide, feed, animal	Related to animals (but non-veterinary) e.g., animal husbandry, farming of animals/animal production, raising of animals for food or fur, animal feed, products for household pets	CPCat Cassette
28	Pesticide, preservatives	Includes preservatives used in cosmetics, film, wood preserving agents, foods, etc (note food preservatives are also indicated as food_additive)	CPCat Cassette
29	Plastics	Plastic products, industry for plastics, manufacturing of plastics, plastic additives (modifiers included when known)	CPCat Cassette
30	Rubber_processing	Vulcanizing agents and rubberizing materials	CPCat Cassette

Toxicité

Toxique, à éviter absolument

Toxicité

Les risques

• Risque d’allergie
• Irritant pour la peau
• Risques d’allergies, nausées et vomissements, irritation des yeux, affections hépatiques et rénales chez l’animal.

Effets secondaires :

C’est un allergène assez puissant qui peut provoquer à la fois des réactions cutanées locales ou avoir des conséquences plus graves pour le corps; essoufflement, troubles du tractus gastro-intestinal, œdème, etc. Une réaction allergique est généralement presque instantanée, soit immédiatement après avoir mangé un légume ou un fruit traité avec un conservateur, une rougeur de la peau qui entre en contact avec la surface traitée peut apparaitre. Les lèvres et la langue peuvent gonfler.

Une augmentation significative des réactions indésirables est observée en présence d’une intolérance individuelle de ce composant ou au-delà du taux de consommation maximum autorisé.

Effet sur le corps

Le principal danger réside dans les substances supplémentaires formées dans la composition lors de l’obtention d’un concentré alimentaire. Ce sont ces agents cancérigènes qui empoisonnent le corps et provoquent le développement de tumeurs malignes. Dans la plupart des pays du monde, il est interdit d’utiliser cet additif, non seulement dans la production alimentaire, mais également dans la fabrication d’aliments pour animaux.

Le biphényle a un impact sur le fonctionnement du système nerveux central, provoquant son excitation excessive. En conséquence, cet additif peut provoquer un manque de sommeil, augmenter les nombres de cauchemars et amener à un épuisement nerveux.

De fortes doses de cet additif ont des effets néfastes sur le foie et les reins, provoquant des modifications irréversibles des organes vitaux. Lorsque le foie n’est plus en mesure de faire face au danger toxique, l’intoxication de tout l’organisme commence. Un autre effet négatif du diphényle est la capacité d’influencer le travail du système cardiovasculaire.

Lorsque vous travaillez avec du biphényle sous forme sèche, il se forme une poussière qui, au contact des yeux, provoque des brûlures et des rougeurs. La pénétration de petites particules de la substance dans les voies respiratoires supérieures provoque des maux de tête, des battements de cœur irréguliers et des troubles du système digestif. Avec un contact constant avec la peau est susceptible d’une créer une variété de maladies de la peau.

L’utilisation du diphényle peut avoir des effets graves sur la santé, si le taux de consommation marginal n’est pas observé (jusqu’à 0,5 mg par 1 kg de poids). Si la substance pénètre dans le corps à des doses minimales, elle est scindée en composants non toxiques au cours du processus de traitement et excrétée dans les urines.

Symptômes d’intoxication

Les expositions au 1,1’-biphényle provoquent des effets aigus avec des symptômes qui incluent, mais sans s’y limiter, la polyurie, la respiration accélérée, le larmoiement, l’anorexie, la perte de poids, la faiblesse musculaire, le coma, la dégénérescence des cellules du foie gras et les lésions néphrotiques graves. L’exposition aux vapeurs de biphényle pendant de courtes périodes provoque des nausées, des vomissements, une irritation des yeux et des voies respiratoires et une bronchite. La respiration de petites quantités de 1,1’-biphényle pendant de longues périodes entraîne des lésions du foie et du système nerveux des travailleurs exposés. Respirer les brumes, vapeurs ou fumées peut irriter le nez, la gorge et les poumons. En fonction de la concentration et de la durée de l’exposition, les symptômes comprennent, mais sans s’y limiter, un mal de gorge, une toux, une respiration difficile, des éternuements, une sensation de brûlure et les effets de la dépression du SNC. Les symptômes peuvent inclure maux de tête, excitation, euphorie, étourdissements, incoordination, somnolence, étourdissements, vision trouble, fatigue, tremblements, convulsions, perte de conscience, coma, arrêt respiratoire et mort, selon la concentration et la durée de l’exposition.

RÉSIDUS AUTORISÉS (dits Critères de pureté)

Réglementations FAO / OMS, États-Unis et Canada, son résidu ≤ 110 mg / kg ou moins; Japon, France, Allemagne, Pays-Bas, règles ≤ 70 mg / kg ou moins.

Dosage maximum dans les produits transformés

DJA: 0 – 0,5 mg./kg. de masse corporelle/jour.

Liste des agents de conservation autorisés (Listes des additifs alimentaires autorisés) (Canada)

Non listé

Liste des additifs alimentaires autorisés ayant d’autres utilisations acceptées(Canada)

Non listé

DSL – Liste intérieure des substances (Canada)

Non listé

Liste des additifs autorisés (États-Unis)

ITLE 21–FOOD AND DRUGS

CHAPTER I–FOOD AND DRUG ADMINISTRATION DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES

SUBCHAPTER B–FOOD FOR HUMAN CONSUMPTION (CONTINUED)

PART 178 — INDIRECT FOOD ADDITIVES: ADJUVANTS, PRODUCTION AIDS, AND SANITIZERS

Subpart C–Antioxidants and Stabilizers

Sec. 178.2010 Antioxidants and/or stabilizers for polymers.
The substances listed in paragraph (b) of this section may be safely used as antioxidants and/or stabilizers in polymers used in the manufacture of articles or components of articles intended for use in producing, manufacturing, packing, processing, preparing, treating, packaging, transporting, or holding food, subject to the provisions of this section: (a) The quantity used shall not exceed the amount reasonably required to accomplish the intended technical effect. (b) List of substances: Substances Limitations
Di-tert-butyl-m-cresyl phosphonite condensation product with biphenyl (CAS Reg. No. 178358-58-2) produced by the condensation of 4,6-di-tert-butyl-m-cresol with the Friedel-Crafts addition product (phosphorus trichloride and biphenyl) so that the food additive has a minimum phosphorus content of 5.0 percent	For use only: 1. At levels not to exceed 0.1 percent by weight of olefin polymers complying with 177.1520(c) of this chapter, items 1.1, 2.1, 2.2, 3.1(a), 3.1(b), 3.2(a), or 3.2(b).
Di-tert-butylphenyl phosphonite condensation product with biphenyl (CAS Reg. No. 119345-01-6) produced by the condensation of 2,4-di-tert-butylphenol with the Friedel-Crafts addition product (phosphorus trichloride and biphenyl) so that the food additive has a minimum phosphorus content of 5.4 percent, an acid value not exceeding 10 mg KOH/gm, and a melting range of 85 deg. C to 110 deg. C (185 deg. F to 230 deg. F)	For use only: 1. At levels not to exceed 0.1 percent by weight of olefin polymers complying with 177.1520(c) of this chapter, items 1.1, 1.2, 1.3, 3.2b, 3.3a, 3.3b, 3.4, 3.5, and 3.1a (where the density is not less than 0.85 gram per cubic centimeter and not more than 0.91 gram per cubic centimeter); and 2.1, 2.2, 2.3, 3.1a, 3.1b, 3.2a, and 3.6 (where the density is not less than 0.94 gram per cubic centimeter) and 5. 2. At levels not to exceed 0.1 percent by weight of polycarbonate resins complying with 177.1580 of this chapter. 3. At levels not to exceed 0.2 percent by weight of polystyrene and 0.3 percent by weight of rubber-modified polystyrene complying with 177.1640 of this chapter. 4. At levels not to exceed 0.15 percent by weight of olefin polymers complying with 177.1520(c) of this chapter, items 2.1, 2.2, 2.3, 3.1a, 3.1b, 3.2a, 3.4, 3.5, and 3.6 (where the polyethylene component has a density less than 0.94 gram per cubic centimeter). 5. At levels not to exceed 0.1 percent by weight of repeated use rubber articles complying with 177.2600 of this chapter.
Di-tert-butyl-m-cresyl phosphonite condensation product with biphenyl (CAS Reg. No. 178358-58-2) produced by the condensation of 4,6-di-tert-butyl-m-cresol with the Friedel-Crafts addition product (phosphorus trichloride and biphenyl) so that the food additive has a minimum phosphorus content of 5.0 percent	For use only: 1. At levels not to exceed 0.1 percent by weight of olefin polymers complying with 177.1520(c) of this chapter, items 1.1, 2.1, 2.2, 3.1(a), 3.1(b), 3.2(a), or 3.2(b).

[Code of Federal Regulations] [Title 21, Volume 2] [Revised as of April 1, 2019] [CITE: 21CFR109.30]

TITLE 21–FOOD AND DRUGS

CHAPTER I–FOOD AND DRUG ADMINISTRATION DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES

SUBCHAPTER B–FOOD FOR HUMAN CONSUMPTION

PART 109 — UNAVOIDABLE CONTAMINANTS IN FOOD FOR HUMAN CONSUMPTION AND FOOD-PACKAGING MATERIAL

PART 109 — UNAVOIDABLE CONTAMINANTS IN FOOD FOR HUMAN CONSUMPTION AND FOOD-PACKAGING MATERIAL

Subpart B–Tolerances for Unavoidable Poisonous or Deleterious Substances

Sec. 109.30 Tolerances for polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB’s).

(a) Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB’s) are toxic, industrial chemicals. Because of their widespread, uncontrolled industrial applications, PCB’s have become a persistent and ubiquitous contaminant in the environment. As a result, certain foods and animal feeds, principally those of animal and marine origin, contain PCB’s as unavoidable, environmental contaminants. PCB’s are transmitted to the food portion (meat, milk, and eggs) of food-producing animals ingesting PCB-contaminated animal feed. In addition, a significant percentage of paper food-packaging materials contain PCB’s which may migrate to the packaged food. The source of PCB’s in paper food-packaging materials is primarily of certain types of carbonless copy paper (containing 3 to 5 percent PCB’s) in waste paper stocks used for manufacturing recycled paper. Therefore, temporary tolerances for residues of PCB’s as unavoidable environmental or industrial contaminants are established for a sufficient period of time following the effective date of this paragraph to permit the elimination of such contaminants at the earliest practicable time. For the purposes of this paragraph, the term “polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB’s)” is applicable to mixtures of chlorinated biphenyl compounds, irrespective of which mixture of PCB’s is present as the residue. The temporary tolerances for residues of PCB’s are as follows: (1) 1.5 parts per million in milk (fat basis). (2) 1.5 parts per million in manufactured dairy products (fat basis). (3) 3 parts per million in poultry (fat basis). (4) 0.3 parts per million in eggs. (5) 0.2 parts per million in finished animal feed for food-producing animals (except the following finished animal feeds: feed concentrates, feed supplements, and feed premixes). (6) 2 parts per million in animal feed components of animal origin, including fishmeal and other by-products of marine origin and in finished animal feed concentrates, supplements, and premixes intended for food producing animals. (7) 2 parts per million in fish and shellfish (edible portion). The edible portion of fish excludes head, scales, viscera, and inedible bones. (8) 0.2 parts per million in infant and junior foods. (9) 10 parts per million in paper food-packaging material intended for or used with human food, finished animal feed and any components intended for animal feeds. The tolerance shall not apply to paper food-packaging material separated from the food therein by a functional barrier which is impermeable to migration of PCB’s. (b) A compilation entitled “Analytical Methodology for Polychlorinated Biphenyls, June 1979” for determining compliance with the tolerances established in this section is available from the Division of Dockets Management (HFA-305), Food and Drug Administration, 5630 Fishers Lane, rm. 1061, Rockville, MD 20852. (c) A barrier is functional for purposes of paragraph (a)(9) of this section if the barrier limits migration of PCB’s from the packaging material to food to a level not exceeding the migration which occurs under the same test conditions from packaging material containing 10 parts per million PCB without the use of a barrier. A class of barrier material is functional for purposes of paragraph (a)(9) of this section if a representative barrier of the class limits migration of PCB’s from the packaging material to food to a level not exceeding the migration which occurs under the same test conditions from packaging material containing 10 parts per million PCB without the use of a barrier. Migration levels shall be determined for purpose of this paragraph solely by use of testing conditions described in “Test Procedures for Determination of PCB Permeability of Food Packaging, Inner-Wraps, September 1976, revised May 1983”, which is incorporated by reference. Copies are available from the Division of Dockets Management (HFA-305), Food and Drug Administration, 5630 Fishers Lane, rm. 1061, Rockville, MD 20852, or available for inspection at the National Archives and Records Administration (NARA). For information on the availability of this material at NARA, call 202-741-6030, or go to: http://www.archives.gov/federalregister/codeoffederalregulations/ibrlocations.html. A class of barrier material shall be deemed functional only if the definition of the class and the designation of one or more representative barriers has been approved by the Director, Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition, Food and Drug Administration. In the event that the Director, Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition, does not approve a proposal made to the Center regarding the definition of a class of barrier material or the designation of representative barriers, the Director shall advise the person making the proposal of the reasons for the Center’s disapproval within 90 days of receipt of the proposal. All proposals for definition of classes and determinations of the Food and Drug Administration regarding such proposals shall be on file with the Division of Dockets Management (HFA-305), Food and Drug Administration, 5630 Fishers Lane, rm. 1061, Rockville, MD 20852. (d) Any person who asserts that a barrier or class of barriers is functional shall submit the results of tests conducted to determine the functionality of the barrier or class of barriers to Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition (HFS-308), Food and Drug Administration, 5001 Campus Dr., College Park, MD 20740. All barriers or classes of barriers shall be tested with the four solid food receptors specified in “Test Procedures for Determination of PCB Permeability of Food Packaging, Inner-Wraps, September 1976, revised May 1983”, which is incorporated by reference. The availability of this reference is given in paragraph (c) of this section. The test results as to each barrier shall be accompanied by (1) a description of the barrier’s composition adequate to enable identification; and (2) a specific definition of the barrier by relevant technical characteristics. The Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition shall review submitted test results promptly. Within 60 days of the receipt of test results, the Director, Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition, shall notify the person submitting the test results whether the tests were conducted in accordance with the “Analytical Methodology for Polychlorinated Biphenyls; June 1979”, which is incorporated by reference, or the “Test Procedures for Determination of PCB Permeability of Food Packaging, Inner-Wraps, September 1976, revised May 1983” and whether, therefore, the barrier or class of barriers is deemed functional within the meaning of paragraph (c) of this section. The test results and any response of the Food and Drug Administration shall be placed on file with the Division of Dockets Management, Food and Drug Administration, 5630 Fishers Lane, rm. 1061, Rockville, MD 20852. * * * 109.30(a)(9) is hereby stayed pending full review of the objections and requests for hearing. * * * [42 FR 52819, Sept. 30, 1977, as amended at 44 FR 38340, June 29, 1979; 46 FR 8459, Jan. 27, 1981; 48 FR 10811, Mar. 15, 1983; 48 FR 37021, Aug. 16, 1983; 54 FR 24892, June 12, 1989; 59 FR 14364, Mar. 28, 1994; 61 FR 14480, Apr. 2, 1996; 66 FR 56035, Nov. 6, 2001] Effective Date Note: At 38 FR 22794, Aug. 24, 1973, the following appeared concerning 109.30(a)(9) (formerly 122.10(a)(9)): In the interim, as stated in the final order (38 FR 18098) the Food and Drug Administration will enforce the temporary tolerance level established by 109.30(a)(9) by seizing any paper food-packaging material shipped in interstate commerce after September 4, 1973 containing higher than the specified level of PCB’s as adulterated in violation of sec. 402 of the act.

Liste des substances ajoutés aux aliments Substances Added to Food (formerly EAFUS)

CAS Reg. No.* (or other ID)	Substance*  (sorted A-Z)	Used for*  (Technical Effect)	21 CFR*
92-52-4	BIPHENYL	FLAVOR ENHANCER, FLAVORING AGENT OR ADJUVANT	178.2010
101-84-8	DIPHENYL ETHER	FLAVOR ENHANCER, FLAVORING AGENT OR ADJUVANT
2092-49-1	DIVANILLIN	FLAVORING AGENT OR ADJUVANT
528-43-8	MAGNOLOL	FLAVORING AGENT OR ADJUVANT
644-08-6	4-METHYLBIPHENYL	FLAVORING AGENT OR ADJUVANT
882-33-7	PHENYL DISULFIDE	FLAVOR ENHANCER, FLAVORING AGENT OR ADJUVANT
90-43-7	O-PHENYLPHENOL	ANTIMICROBIAL AGENT, SURFACE-ACTIVE AGENT	175.105 176.210 177.1632 177.2600 178.1010

---

*Definitions

• CAS Reg. No. (or other ID): Chemical Abstract Service (CAS) Registry Number® for the substance or a numerical code assigned by CFSAN to those substances that do not have a CAS Registry Number (977nnn-nn-n series).
• Substance: The name of the ingredient as recognized by CFSAN.
• Used for (Technical Effect): The physical or technical effect(s) the substance has in or on food; see 21 CFR 170.3(o) for definitions.
• 21 CFR: Title 21 of the Code of Federal Regulations.
• FEMA No.: The trade association, Flavor and Extract Manufacturers Association (FEMA), has established expert panels to evaluate and make independent determinations on the GRAS status of flavoring substances. The FEMA number is provided here as a reference to FEMA’s GRAS assessments.
  • NLFG is no longer FEMA GRAS™.
  • For more information about FEMA GRAS, see About the FEMA GRAS™ Program <External Link Disclaimer> .
• JECFA: The Joint Expert Committee on Food Additives (JECFA) is an international expert scientific committee that is administered jointly by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) and the World Health Organization (WHO). See JECFA Specifications for Flavourings <External Link Disclaimer>

OTC Active Ingredients

Non listé

DrugPortal

Listé

EINECS (European INventory of Existing Commercial chemical Substances)

Non listé

Avantages

À la base, il s’agit d’un composé organique à effet antibactérien prononcé. Le diphényle de culture vous permet d’empêcher le début de la pourriture, de la moisissure et des champignons. Grâce à cet additif, il est devenu possible de transporter la récolte fraîche sur de longues distances sans perdre ses caractéristiques de qualité.

Source de l’additif

Le biphényle est obtenu à partir des huiles de distillation du goudron de houille. Il peut également être obtenu en faisant chauffer à très haute température des vapeurs de benzène

Origine

Le diphényle est également trouvé dans des conditions naturelles, mais pas sous sa forme pure, mais en tant que composant de minéraux combustibles – certains types de goudron, de pétrole et de gaz. De matériaux combustibles, l’additif est isolé par distillation.

Dans la nature on peut le retrouver dans le goudron de houille (charbon produit lors la carbonisation de) ;

• Myrtille
• Carottes
• Pois
• Pomme de terre
• Poivron
• Rhum
• Cacao
• Tomate
• Café
• Arachides grillées
• Olive (Olea europae)
• Sarrasin
• Tamarin (Tamarindus indica L).

Il existe également un procédé industriel de production d’un conservateur basé sur la déshydrogénation du benzène.

Puisque le biphényle peut être obtenu exclusivement par des réactions chimiques, la substance contient dans sa composition diverses impuretés, dont certaines sont toxiques. Par exemple, le phénylphénol.

Apparence; Cristaux transparents, blanchâtres ou jaunes, qui ne se dissolvent presque pas dans l’eau. Souvent, lors de la fabrication, la substance est immédiatement mélangée à de la cire. Il s’agit d’une masse cireuse conçue pour protéger les légumes et les fruits d’une détérioration rapide.

Les solvants sont les alcools et les benzènes. L’additif n’a pas de gout. Selon la quantité d’impuretés, le diphényle peut être inodore ou avoir un arôme spécifique assez vif. Il peut également être obtenu en faisant chauffer à très haute température des vapeurs de benzène.

L’emballage dépend du volume – de petites doses de conservateur sont conditionnées dans des flacons en verre et des pots à couvercle hermétique. Pour les industries qui achètent des suppléments en grande quantité, il est conditionné dans des fûts métalliques.

Végétale

Non

Animale

Non

Minérale

Non

Synthétique

Oui

Convient aux régimes

Végétarien	Oui	Végétalien	Oui	Hallal	Oui	Kosher	Oui
Biologique	Non	Sans gluten	Oui	Sans noix	Oui	Sans œufs	Oui

Autorisé dans les pays suivants

Country	Status	Matched Term
European Union	Approved	Biphenyl; diphenyl
Philippines	Approved	Diphenyl
Autriche	Approved	Biphenyl; diphenyl
Belgique	Approved	Biphenyl; diphenyl
Bulgarie	Approved	Biphenyl; diphenyl
Chypre	Approved	Biphenyl; diphenyl
République tchèque	Approved	Biphenyl; diphenyl
Danemark	Approved	Biphenyl; diphenyl
Estonie	Approved	Biphenyl; diphenyl
Finlande	Approved	Biphenyl; diphenyl
France	Approved	Biphenyl; diphenyl
Allemagne	Approved	Biphenyl; diphenyl
Grèce	Approved	Biphenyl; diphenyl
Hongrie	Approved	Biphenyl; diphenyl
Irlande	Approved	Biphenyl; diphenyl
Italie	Approved	Biphenyl; diphenyl
Lettonie	Approved	Biphenyl; diphenyl
Lituanie	Approved	Biphenyl; diphenyl
Luxembourg	Approved	Biphenyl; diphenyl
Malte	Approved	Biphenyl; diphenyl
Pays-Bas	Approved	Biphenyl; diphenyl
Pologne	Approved	Biphenyl; diphenyl
Portugal	Approved	Biphenyl; diphenyl
Roumanie	Approved	Biphenyl; diphenyl
Slovaquie	Approved	Biphenyl; diphenyl
Slovénie	Approved	Biphenyl; diphenyl
Espagne	Approved	Biphenyl; diphenyl
Suède	Approved	Biphenyl; diphenyl
Royaume-Uni	Approved	Biphenyl; diphenyl

Utilisation restreinte

Liste non disponible

Country	Status	Matched Term
États-Unis	Matching Terms Not Found

Additif interdit

Country	Status	Matched Term
Australie	Not Permitted
Nouvelle-Zélande	Not Permitted

Spécification technique

• Formule :           C₁₂H₁₀
• CAS Number: 92-52-4
• EINECS Number: 202-163-5

Additifs similaires

Conservateurs	Conservateurs	Conservateurs	Conservateurs
E202	E220	E250	E211
Sorbate de potassium	Dioxyde de soufre	Nitrite de sodium	Benzoate de sodium

Ou peut-on retrouvé

Conservateur et agent aromatisant pour l’industrie alimentaire. Également utilisé dans la préparation du cuir, dans la production d’huiles, de peintures et dans la fabrication d’agents de refroidissement pour réacteurs nucléaires.

Exemple de catégories de produits alimentaires transformés contenant l’additif

• Yaourt et autres produits laitiers;
• Margarine
• Fruits en conserve;
• Crème glacée;
• Confiserie.

Exemple de produit (open food fact)

Energy Source Xtreme Citrus 1.4 KG [misc. ] – Highh5 Sports Nutrition

Garlic Finely Minced – Always Fresh – 400g

Jambon degraissé – Delhaize

Penne Bolognai

Autres applications non alimentaires

Cosmétiques et soins de la peau

Products with this Ingredient

• shaving cream
• hair styling aide
• serums & essences

EWG list

5 Ingredients Found for “BIPHENYL”

BUTYLPHENYL	DISODIUM DISTYRYLBIPHENYL DISULFONATE	CI 21108	PHENYLPHENOL	COPPER COMPLEX
shaving cream -1	serums & essences -1	0 product	0 product	0 product
hair styling aide – 1

13 Ingredients Found for “Phenylbenzene”

ISOEUGENOL
fragrance for women	39 products
foundation	31 products
lipstick	28 products
fragrance for men	13 products
concealer	11 products
moisturizer	4 products
hair treatment/serum	4 products
body wash/cleanser	3 products
hair spray	3 products
shampoo	3 products
body oil	2 products
styling gel/lotion	2 products
styling mousse/foam	2 products
serums & essences	2 products
conditioner	1 products
facial cleanser	1 products
hair styling aide	1 products
baby lotion	1 products
body spray	1 products
exfoliant/scrub	1 products
hand cream	1 products
toners/astringents	1 products
liquid hand soap	1 products

SODIUM POLYSTYRENE SULFONATE
styling mousse/foam	2 products
serums & essences	2 products
around-eye cream	1 products
anti-aging	1 products
hair styling aide	1 products

STYRENE/ PVP COPOLYMER
hair color and bleaching	8 products
serums & essences	2 products
facial cleanser	1 products
styling gel/lotion	1 products
body wash/cleanser	1 products

OLEALKONIUM CHLORIDE
styling gel/lotion	2 products
shampoo	1 products
styling mousse/foam	1 products

HEXYLRESORCINOL
serums & essences	7 products
moisturizer with SPF	2 products
around-eye cream	1 products
mask	1 products

STYRENE
bubble bath	1 products

POLYACRYLATE-2
styling gel/lotion	3 products
hair styling aide	1 products

POLYSTYRENE
styling gel/lotion	1 products

HC RED NO. 1
	0 product

STYRENE/ ACRYLAMIDE COPOLYMER
body wash/cleanser	3 products
facial moisturizer/treatment	1 products
bath oil/salts/soak	1 products
body powder	1 products
makeup primer	1 products

ANETHOLE
	0 product

SODIUM STYRENE/ ACRYLATES COPOLYMER
	0 product

STYRENE/DVB CROSSPOLYMER
	0 product

Pharmaceutique

Il est également employé comme biocide. De plus le biphényle est utilisé pour la fabrication de produits pharmaceutiques et de polychloro-biphényles (PCB).

Autres utilisations;

• Le biphényle est le produit de base des premiers cristaux liquides commerciaux (cyanobiphényle), qui au début des années 1970 furent employés dans les montres digitales et les calculatrices.
• Utilisé comme pesticide pour le traitement à grande échelle des plantations
• À cause de sa température de décomposition élevée à l’air, le biphényle s’emploie comme caloporteur par exemple dans les centrales thermoélectriques.
• Le biphényle est un constituant de la créosote de préservation du bois.
• Dans les fluides de transfert de chaleur
• Dans les supports de colorant pour textiles et papier à copier
• Comme solvant dans la production pharmaceutique
• Dans les azurants optiques
• Comme intermédiaire pour la production d’une large gamme de composés organiques.

Autres informations

Le diphényle est nocif pour l’environnement.

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E230 Diphényle Biphényle

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